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**Theme:** Politics **Topic:** Third Parties **Free Response Question**: Explain the origins of the following third parties and evaluate their impact on United States politics and national policies.The People's Party (populists), 1892The Progressive Party (Bull Moose Party) 1912The State's Rights Party (Dixiecrats), 1948The American Independent Party, 1968 Introductory Paragraph **Setting:** Over the course of American history there have been several smaller third parties that have elected candidates for presidency.**Basis for Analysis**: Effective third parties in America are influencial in the government and have a strong impact on the people of the United States.**Partitions**: The origins of the third parties, their impact on US politics and their influence on national policies show the effectiveness of the third parties of the late 1800s and 1900s.**Thesis:** Although the People's Party, the Progressive Party, The State's Rights Party, and the American Independent Party never won an election, they all still had a strong impact on United States politics and national policies. **Partition 1:** Origins

__The People's Party__ - Farmers establishd the Grange in response to railroad rates - Farmers supported the Greenback Party which favored issuance of greenbacks - 1890, established National Farmer's Alliance which wanted a graduated income tax, direct election of senators, coinage of silver, government control of railroads, and subtreasuries - They thought the Republicans and Democrats would not support what the farmers wanted so they created the People's Party

__The Progressive Party__ - wanted to get rid of corruption, gain control trusts, and get rid of political machines - Theodore Roosevelt and his supporters withdrew from the Republican party and created the Progressive Party

__The State's Rights Party__ - Truman established a civil rights committee and the Dixiecrats did not support civil rights which caused them to split from the Democratic Party

__The American Independence Party__ - Broke from the Democratic party because the Democrats supported civil rights and they did not

**Partition 2:** Politics

__The People's Party__ - After William Jennings Bryan's "Cross of Gold" speech, People's Party nominated him a presidencial nominee, didn't win

__The Progressive Party__ - Republican President Theodore Roosevelt leaned toward progressive ideals during his presidency - Nominated Roosevelt in the election of 1912 but he lost to Wilson

__The State's Rights Party__ - Followed leadership of Strom Thurmond

__The American Independence Party__ - Followed Governor George Wallace of Alabama who ran for 1968 election - The parties electoral votes took away from the Democratic Parties electoral votes and Republican Richard Nixon won the election

** Partition 3: ** National Policies

__The People's Party__ - Wanted unlimited coinage of silver at 16 to 1, subtreasury program, government ownership of railroads, graduated income tax, direct election of senators, and laws to protect labor unions against prosecution for strikes and boycotts

__The Progressive Party__ - Roosevelt used the Sherman Anti-Trust Act - During the Election of 1912, Roosevelt ran on a reform platform

__The State's Rights Party__ - Wanted the continuation of segregation - In election of 1948 the party got four states which showed that that issue of segregation was big enough to cause the southern Democrats to leave the party

__The American Independence Party__ - W as against civil rights, counterculture and anti-Vietnam War movement

General Information: What do you need to know to establish a context for the question? __Subtreasury program__ - crop storage and farm loans

__Sherman Anti-Trust Act__ - prohibits certain business activites that limit competition

__Election of 1912__ - Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson ran for president and Roosevelt took the votes away from Taft which left the door open for Wilson to win

__Voting Rights Act of 1965__ - outlawed discriminatory voting practices

__Civil Rights Act of 1964__ - outlawed major forms of discrimination against African Americans and women