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Allison Martin Theme: Industrialization Topic: Population Movements

Free Response Question: Explain the causes and consequences of TWO of the following population movements in the United States during the period 1945-1985. Suburbanization The growth of the Sun Belt Immigration to the United States

__Introductory Paragraph __ Setting: The era between 1945 and 1985 was marked by the movement of Americans from suburbs to cities as well as the growth of the southwestern region known as the Sun Belt. Basis for analysis: Population movements in the United States have occurred when new living situations offering economic prosperity as well as comfort become available. Partitions/Thesis: Citizens’ desires for a combination of economic stability and comfortable living caused the population movements of suburbanization and the growth of the Sun Belt, both of which contributed to the formation of current American society.

Outside Knowledge for each Partition: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Suburbanization <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Sun Belt
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Partition 1: Causes of suburbanization **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">GI bill gave veterans the power to buy homes
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">More marriage and childbirth after WWII, nuclear family ideal
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Postwar spending power increased, used to buy and furnish homes
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Cold War conformity
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Kitchen debate (Nixon)-success of US can be measured by consumer prosperity
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Decentralization defense in case of atomic attack-Interstate Highway Act (1956)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Patrition 2: Causes of Sun Belt growth **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">WWII-Army built training bases in South
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">California became center of the aircraft industry
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Sun Belt grew as Rust Belt shrank
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Mexican migrants came as cheap labor in Bracero program
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Cars were important, Sub Belt cities built with suburbs and highways
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">AC allowed demographic to expand, more people could tolerate weather
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Partition 3: Effects of both population movements **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">African-Americans formed own communities, neighborhood integration slowly began
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Urban areas became more business, less residential
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Conditions of urban slums worsened
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Influx of Latin American and Asian immigrants during 80’s
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Aerospace, defense and oil industries bolstered


 * General Information:**
 * WWII, defense spending
 * Cold War-tensions and conformity