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**Theme:** Native Americans **Topic:** Effects of European settlers on Native Americans **Free Response Question**: Analyze the Cultural and economic response of the following groups to the Native Americans of North America before 1750
 * British
 * French
 * Spanish

Introductory Paragraph **Setting:** Soon after Columbus’s discovery of the New World in 1492, the arrival of European settlers in the late 1500s-early 1600s in North America disrupted the Native American tribes that had been living peacefully there for centuries. **Basis for Analysis**: Examine how each country responded to the Native American settlements **Partitions**: The Native Americans were affected culturally and economically by the arrival of the British, French, and Spanish in North America. **Thesis:** The responses European settlers had to Native American tribes reflected their own cultural and economic viewpoints. The British tended to oppress Native Americans economically and culturally and denied their potential contributions to helping growing settlements in the New World. The French, on the other hand, developed peaceful, mutually benificial relations with Native Americans in the establishment of the French fur trade and culturally befriended them. The Spanish responded harshly in terms of economy and culture in their search for gold and quest to convert Native Americans to Catholicism. **Partition 1:** British __ Economic __ :
 * Colonies moved westwards in order to settle more land, cutting trees down and clearing land for grazing animals
 * Initiated Anglo-Indian Wars
 * Southern colonies constantly engaging Indians on frontier
 * __ Pequot War __ (1634–1638) - armed conflict between the Pequot tribe and Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth colonies
 * __ Metacom’s War (King William’s War) __ (1675–1678)-armed conflict between Native American inhabitants of present-day New England and English colonists
 * Most colonists took advantage of Native Americans and established an unfair trade system

__ Cultural __ : **Partition 2:** French __ Economic __ : __ Cultural __ :
 * Received cultural accommodation from Squanto and the Wampanoag
 * Marriage between Pocahontas and John Rolfe
 * Spread diseases like smallpox, mumps, influenza, yellow fever, and measles.
 * Killed thousands of Native Americans
 * Native Americans were in the way of the Southern colonies’ push westwards
 * Colonies raided Native American villages and sold many into slavery
 * Most tribes destroyed by 1720
 * Engaged in trade with Native Americans
 * Traded knives, beads, and guns.
 * Indirectly boosted Native Americans’ economy
 * Samuel Champlain and the Quebec colony established a friendly relationship with Native Americans
 * Aided them in fighting against the Iroquois.
 * Attempted to convert Native Americans to Catholicism
 * __ Jesuits __ -members of the missionary group, the __Society of Jesus__

<span style="background-color: #0000ff; color: #00ff00; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: left;">** Partition 3: ** Spanish __ Economic: __
 * Spanish settlements in Northern America were primarily established for gold and silver
 * Forced Native Americans into slavery to work in gold and silver mines.
 * __ Conquistador __ -Spanish soldier
 * Hernando Cortez conquered the Aztecs
 * Besieged their capital and stole their gold and other resources

__ Cultural __
 * Intermarriage between Spanish and Native Americans
 * Formed a new ethnicity, __Mestizos__
 * Destruction of religion in Aztec Empire
 * Destroyed the temples of Tenochtitlan for Christian cathedrals.
 * __ Pueblo Revolt- __ uprising of the __Pueblo people__, Native American people in Southwestern U.S., against Spanish colonization
 * __ Franciscans __ -members of Roman Catholic religious
 * Attempted to convert Native Americans to Cathoilism

<span style="background-color: #800080; color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 23px; text-align: left;">General Information: <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: Georgia,serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: left;">
 * Europeans were drawn to North America for economic and political reasons
 * British: overcrowding in England and religious persecution
 * French: seeking a route to the Pacific ocean and wealth
 * Spanish: trade and the spread of the Christian fait h