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**Theme:** Women **Topic:** Women's Rights Movements: 1840s-60s (suffrage) & 1960s-80s (public and private equality) **Free Response Question**: Compare and contrast the women's rights movement of the 1840s-1860s with the women's rights movement of the 1960s-1980s. Introductory Paragraph **Setting:** 1840s-1860s: During the time of the abolitionist movement (anti-slavery), women felt as if they deserved rights too. Also, women had participated in the Civil War (managing farms, raising money for the US Sanitary Commission, rallies) and believed they needed to be more involved and deserved rights.

1960s-1980s: Time of the free counterculture and the sexual revolution, but women felt limitations and expectations that didn't apply to men. Protest for equality.

**Basis for Analysis**: Compare and contrast in each movement what the women were fighting for, who supported them (how the public responded), and how successful they were (how government responded).

**Partitions**: Both of the women's rights movements contained sets of beliefs/goals and triggered responses in the public and in the government.

**Thesis:** The focus of the first movement in the 1840s-60s was women suffrage while the focus of the second movement in the 1960s-80s was eliminating discrimination in the private and public spheres; in both movements, there was a backlash from those who believed in the traditional domesticity of women, but women's rights support was more widespread in the second movement; and both movements were successful in bringing about change in government policies. **Partition 1:** Goals - National Woman Suffrage Associations (NWSA) with Cady Stanton and Anthony, supported their Declaration of Sentiments from Seneca Falls* --> but later will focus only on right to vote - American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) with Lucy Stone and Henry Blackwell, focus on state-by-state campaigns for suffrage - Victoria Woodhull, formed the Equal Rights Party - Susan B. Anthony, tried to vote in 1872 election but was arrested and convicted (this shows the extent of women's interest in voting)
 * 1840s-1860s: suffrage **

- National Organization for Women (NOW): no discrimination in public sphere (employment, wages, education), moved on to equality in private sphere/daily lives (housework, parenting, abortion) - equal pay for equal work - abortion rights - more equal distribution of household chores - awareness of sexual assaults/rape **Partition 2:** Public Response (Support & Backlash) -mostly whites, female blacks identitified with their race, not their gender: Stanton, Anthony, and Stone founded the Equal Rights Association to link the rights of white and black women, but this unsuccessful with people like Sojourner Truth warning white women not to speak for all women
 * 1960s-1980s: eliminate discrimination in public and private sphere **
 * - ** Betty Friedan's //Feminine Mystique//, condemned the female household role
 * Support:**
 * 1840s-1860s: **

- feminists: mothers, wives, college students, professional women, working-class women, and some men (wide-spread) - a famous feminist is Gloria Steinem with her //Ms.// magazine - other women who were careful to stay away from radical label of "feminist" still supported the goals of the feminists and the women's rights movements
 * 1960s-1980s: **

- in both cases, backlash came from those who believed in the traditional roles of women - 1840s-1860s: Protestant Beecher preeched that a woman's duty was to create a "true home" - 1960s-1980s: Phyllis Schlafy believed feminists, divorce, abortion, and daycare would destroy family structure ** Partition 3: ** Effects/Success? - 19th Amendment passed in 1920, nationwide women suffrage
 * Backlash: **
 * 1840s-1860s: **

- Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972 - required schools to spend comparable amounts on women's and men's sports programs - Equal Rights Amendment in 1972 - Roe v. Wade - women's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy - women entering into previously all-male work forces: religious leaders, physicians, lawyers; Sandra Day O'Conner first female Supreme Ct Justice General Information: - previous ideas of domesticity <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: georgia,serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: left;">- public (outside work, involvement in politics) and private (home, family, relationships) spheres <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: georgia,serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: left;">- *Seneca Falls/Declaration of Sentiments: women can own property in their own names, vote, recieve higher education, participate in higher level jobs typically reserved to men <span style="background-color: #ffffff; display: block; font-family: georgia,serif; font-size: 15px; text-align: left;">- ERA: "Equality of rights under law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex"
 * 1960s-1980s: **